A Brief History of Device Therapy in Cardiology The history of device therapy applying electrical energy to the body can be traced back to the 18 th century. In 1775, a Danish physicist, Nickolev Abildgaard, conducted the first studies investigating...

Underutilisation of Oral Anticoagulant in the Management of Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of arrhythmia and substantially increases the risks of stroke, systemic embolism (SE) and death. The condit...

Elevated Risks of Cardiovascular Diseases Associated with Chronic Psychological Stress Chronic psychological stress can be referred to the non-specific systemic reaction induced by the prolonged stimulation of internal or external negative factors. ...

Complication of Atrial Fibrillation with Obesity and Its Management with Novel Oral Anticoagulants Obesity is the most common chronic metabolic disease worldwide with an increasing prevalence. It has been reported that more than 1.9 billion adults w...

Win Your Heart with the Mediterranean Diet Rich in minimally processed plant-based food and monounsaturated fat from olive oil, but low to moderate in animal products, the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), one of the most well studied dietary patterns i...

The Debate on Anticoagulation in Cirrhotic Patients Cirrhosis is a form of end-stage liver disease characterised by cell degeneration, inflammation, and fibrosis, most often caused by alcoholic and viral hepatitis. In particular, the condition is as...

Challenge of Myocardial Injury in COVID-19 The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is now a global pandemic inflicting significant morbidity and mortality as well as substantia...

Although the benefits of fish oil supplementation are well known, real-life evidence on the effectiveness of fish oil supplements is limited. Recently, a population-based prospective evaluation on the associations of habitual fish oil supplementatio...

The Complexities of DM and its Health Burden Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with the increased risk of cardiovasular (CV) complications whereas each 1% reduction in mean glycated haemoglobin (A1c) would result in reduction of microvascular com...

Far More than Glycaemic Control Diabetes mellitus (DM) is common, affecting approximately 10% of Hong Kong adult population 1 . Good control to prevent vascular complications from diabetes is one of the key issues to tackle in the long-term manageme...